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| DAHSHURE PYRAMIDS OF EGYPT |
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LOCATION
Dahshur country in the governorate of Giza in Egypt, Dahshur (in English often called Dashur), It is a royal necropolis located in the desert on the west bank of the Nile approximately 40 kilometres south Cairo & about 1.25mi/2km from the south side of Saqqara, necropolis and the Mastaba el-Faraun. Scattered over an area some 2mi/3km long by 1mi/1.5km across on the edge of the desert are five pyramids and the remains of subsidiary tombs and temples.
The Dahshur necropolis officially opened in 1996 for the first time, after being occupied as a military zone for many years. We can easily reached from Cairo to the modern village of Dahshur
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The Pharaohs of Dahshur
Name |
Comments |
Dates |
Sneferu |
Fourth Dynasty / Red Pyramid / Bent Pyramid |
2613-2589 BCE |
Senwosret III |
Twelfth Dynasty |
1878-1860 BCE |
Amenemhet II |
Twelfth Dynasty "White" pyramid |
1929-1895 BCE |
Amenemhet III |
Twelfth Dynasty "Black" pyramid |
1860-1815 BCE |
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Dahshur Pyramid of Snefru (Red Pyramid)
Description :
The Pyramids at Dahshur appears in the form of strange and lookin hill or a pile of rubble . Dahshour is one of the most important cemeteries, which belonged to the vast necropolis of the great Ancient Egyptian capital of Memphis. This area contains Pyramids of the IV and the XII Dynasties. There will find the Pyramid of Amenemhat II, and the Pyramid of Amenemhat III, called the Black Pyramid who ruled from 1855-1808 BC during the Middle Kingdom period. Although it might look like a total wreck, the Black Pyramid is one of only three of the original eleven pyramids at Dahshur which are still standing, and the interior passageways and chambers of the Black Pyramid are almost entirely intact.
Dahshur containing of five pyramids, two of them for king Senefro (fourth Dynasty), and the other three for the Pharaohs of the Middle Kingdom, and the cemeteries of the era of the Old and Middle Kingdom (of the 12th Dynasty (c. 1991-c. 1786)
The Pharaoh great King Snefru (2680-2656 B.C), the founder of the IV Dynasty, father of Khufu of the Old Kingdom, built two large pyramids at Dahshur. He was the first one to choose the area to build his royal tomb, as it was close to the capital, Memphis. The first pyramid, known as the ‘Bent Pyramid’, is situated to the south of the necropolis while his second monument at Dahshur and known as the ‘North’ or ‘Red Pyramid’ The two large and prominently situated pyramids built of limestone rear up on the desert plateau at some distance from the Nile Valley, and near the edge of the desert stand two pyramids built of black bricks made from Nile mud (El-Ahram el-Sud, the "Black Pyramids") and a smaller stone-built pyramid with a brick core, now much weathered.
The name ‘Red Pyramid’ .. has derived from the colour of limestone used in constructing the pyramid’s core – it’s casing of white limestone is now completely missing.
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Dahshur pyramid, the unusual shape of the Bent Pyramid is unique, and represents a transitional pyramid form believed to have been the result of an engineering crisis encountered during its construction. The Red Pyramid is the world's first true smooth-sided pyramid.The Red Pyramid is much more what people expect when they hear the word "pyramid". Although this is only the second true pyramid which was ever built, it comes close to achieving the ideal of the pyramid builders' art. It gives away very little to efforts by later generations, and it's still the third tallest pyramid ever built, behind the two largest at Giza. The length of each side of the Red Pyramid is 220m and its original height was 104m. |
The burial chamber and The entrance
Was access to the burial chamber through a short horizontal passage, about 8m above the floor level in the south wall of the second antechamber. The researchers suggest that this pyramid was the true resting place of the king Fragments of human remains were found in the passage, but proved to be from an intrusive burial from the Late Period.
What is the reason behind the strange shape of this Pyramid
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He first built the southern Pyramid, or what we call today the Bent Pyramid. It seems likely to have been hastily completed only after the king’s death, the architect actually made a mistake when building this Pyramid, not realising it until the height reached about 48m (with an angle of 54 degrees). He changed his original plans to make it safer (hoping to prevent what had happened at Meidum collapsed), and finished it by modifying the angle to just 43 degrees! And that is the reason behind the strange shape of this Pyramid and why, today, it is called the Rhomboid or Bent Pyramid.
The second reason is that it has two entrances. The first is in the middle of the northern side and is about 12m above the ground. It leads to the upper chamber. The second entrance is on the western side and is just above the ground. It leads to the lower chamber. The floors of both chambers were built 4m deep with small stone blocks. |
Dahshur in the World Heritage Site
Dahshour in the area has become an important site of World Heritage Sites of UNESCO from 1979.
The Pyramids of Dahshour take a great part of the history of Ancient Egypt. Although this area is not a major tourist site, like the Giza Plateau, But tells us about the ancient Egyptian history great and glorious |
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